Jammu and Kashmir is marked by diverse ethnic composition. Several key parties shape the political discourse. Each representing various segments of the society with distinct political agendas & challenges. Jammu & Kashmir National Conference is one of the oldest parties in the region, originally founded by Sheikh Abdullah. The party has historically advocated for greater autonomy within the Indian Union. Enjoys support in the Muslim-majority Kashmir Valley, while also reaching out to constituents in Jammu and Ladakh. Peoples Democratic Party emerged in 1999, founded by Mufti Mohammad Sayeed, as a softer alternative to the NC. It has emphasized reconciliation with separatist elements and advocated for self-rule, gaining a strong base in the Kashmir Valley. The PDP stresses the importance of dialogue with Pakistan as part of the peace process. Bharatiya Janata Party has expanded its influence in Jammu and Kashmir, especially in the Jammu region where it garners significant support. The BJP has pushed for the full integration of the region into India, a stance that culminated in the abrogation of Article 370 in August 2019, which previously granted special status to the region. Jammu and Kashmir Peoples Conference , under the leadership of Sajad Lone, initially focused on the Kupwara district but has since broadened its reach. The party positions itself between the regional and national narratives, promoting economic development and seeking a political resolution to the Kashmir issue. The political landscape in Jammu and Kashmir underwent a significant transformation following the abrogation of Article 370, which not only altered the legal framework but also the operational dynamics of regional politics. This move by the Indian government led to new challenges and necessitated strategic realignments among the regional parties. Both NC and PDP have struggled to reconcile their traditional advocacy for autonomy with the new political realities, navigating a path fraught with legal and ideological shifts. The stability of Jammu and Kashmir heavily relies on the participatory engagement of these diverse political entities in the democratic process. Their ability to represent and articulate the aspirations of their respective communities is critical in fostering a climate of dialogue and reconciliation. The region’s politics not only reflect the immediate electoral contests but also broader issues of autonomy, nationalism, and identity, which influence public perception and contribute to the overall peace and integration efforts. Given this backdrop, the future of Jammu and Kashmir depends significantly on how these parties can negotiate their differing visions for the region, striving towards peaceful coexistence and prosperity amidst ongoing national and geopolitical pressures.